Introduction#

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This Sage module provides functions for estimating the concrete security of Learning with Errors instances.

The main purpose of this estimator is to give designers an easy way to choose parameters resisting known attacks and to enable cryptanalysts to compare their results and ideas with other techniques known in the literature.

Quick Start#

  • Usage

    >>> from estimator import *
>>> schemes.Kyber512
LWEParameters(n=512, q=3329, Xs=D(σ=1.22), Xe=D(σ=1.22), m=512, tag='Kyber 512')

>>> LWE.primal_usvp(schemes.Kyber512)
rop: ≈2^143.8, red: ≈2^143.8, δ: 1.003941, β: 406, d: 998, tag: usvp

>>> r = LWE.estimate.rough(schemes.Kyber512)
usvp                 :: rop: ≈2^118.6, red: ≈2^118.6, δ: 1.003941, β: 406, d: 998, tag: usvp
dual_hybrid          :: rop: ≈2^121.9, mem: ≈2^116.8, m: 512, β: 417, d: 1013, ↻: 1, ζ: 11, tag: dual_hybrid

>>> r = LWE.estimate(schemes.Kyber512)
bkw                  :: rop: ≈2^178.8, m: ≈2^166.8, mem: ≈2^167.8, b: 14, t1: 0, t2: 16, ℓ: 13, #cod: 448, #top: 0, #test: 64, tag: coded-bkw
usvp                 :: rop: ≈2^143.8, red: ≈2^143.8, δ: 1.003941, β: 406, d: 998, tag: usvp
bdd                  :: rop: ≈2^140.3, red: ≈2^139.7, svp: ≈2^138.8, β: 391, η: 421, d: 1013, tag: bdd
bdd_hybrid           :: rop: ≈2^140.3, red: ≈2^139.7, svp: ≈2^138.8, β: 391, η: 421, ζ: 0, |S|: 1, d: 1016, prob: 1, ↻: 1, tag: hybrid
bdd_mitm_hybrid      :: rop: ≈2^260.3, red: ≈2^259.4, svp: ≈2^259.3, β: 405, η: 2, ζ: 102, |S|: ≈2^247.2, d: 923, prob: ≈2^-113.8, ↻: ≈2^116.0, tag: hybrid
dual                 :: rop: ≈2^149.9, mem: ≈2^88.0, m: 512, β: 424, d: 1024, ↻: 1, tag: dual
dual_hybrid          :: rop: ≈2^145.6, mem: ≈2^140.5, m: 512, β: 408, d: 1004, ↻: 1, ζ: 20, tag: dual_hybrid

  • Try it in your browser.

  • Read the documentation.

Status#

We have feature parity with the old estimator:

but we are also planning:

  • [ ] attacks on NTRU public keys (using overstretched parameters)

  • [ ] attack on SIS instances

Evolution#

This code is evolving, new results are added and bugs are fixed. Hence, estimations from earlier versions might not match current estimations. This is annoying but unavoidable. We recommend to also state the commit that was used when referencing this project.

Warning

We give no API/interface stability guarantees. We try to be mindful but we may reorganize the code without advance warning.

Bugs#

Please report bugs through the GitHub issue tracker.

Contributions#

At present, this estimator is maintained by Martin Albrecht. Contributors are:

  • Benjamin Curtis

  • Cathie Yun

  • Cedric Lefebvre

  • Fernando Virdia

  • Florian Göpfert

  • Hamish Hunt

  • James Owen

  • Léo Ducas

  • Markus Schmidt

  • Martin Albrecht

  • Michael Walter

  • Rachel Player

  • Sam Scott

See Contributing for details on how to contribute.

Citing#

If you use this estimator in your work, please cite

Martin R. Albrecht, Rachel Player and Sam Scott. On the concrete hardness of Learning with Errors.
Journal of Mathematical Cryptology. Volume 9, Issue 3, Pages 169–203, ISSN (Online) 1862-2984,
ISSN (Print) 1862-2976 DOI: 10.1515/jmc-2015-0016, October 2015

A pre-print is available as

Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2015/046, 2015. https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/046

An updated version of the material covered in the above survey is available in Rachel Player’s PhD thesis.

License#

The estimator is licensed under the LGPLv3+ license.

Acknowledgements#

This project was supported through the European Union PROMETHEUS project (Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program, grant 780701), EPSRC grant EP/P009417/1 and EPSRC grant EP/S020330/1, and by Zama.